| Term | Meaning in this specification |
|---|---|
| Institution/tenant | An isolated institution context; legal entities, programmes and partner duties still need explicit modelling |
| Offering | A permitted bundle of products/modules/channels for an institution |
| Programme | An issuer/lender/sponsor arrangement connecting products, network/processor and financial ownership |
| Product version | Approved, effective-dated terms/eligibility/economics used by an account or instruction |
| CIF/party | Stable verified customer/party identity, not a matching email or synthetic label |
| Account operating mandate | Who can act for an account holder and under which proof/signature rules (B06) |
| Payment mandate | Accepted authority for a defined recurring debit/payment, with adopted validity and revocation rules (B11) |
| Ledger | Authoritative balanced financial entries and controlled linked corrections |
| Subledger | Detailed product/account obligations reconciling to general ledger |
| Available balance | Amount permitted for use after adopted holds/restrictions/credit rules |
| Authorisation hold | Reservation pending permitted completion/clearing/expiry, not necessarily a final posting |
| Issuer/acquirer | Contracted card issuance and transaction-acceptance roles; not inferred from a software tenant |
| BIN/IIN | Issuer/programme routing identifier with actual network/processor ownership |
| PPI | Prepaid payment instrument governed by its issuer/category and permitted use/funding policy |
| LOS | Loan Origination System: application, evidence and accepted loan-contract preparation (B12) |
| Underwriting/sanction | Credit assessment and accountable decision on amount/conditions (B13); not funds movement |
| LMS | Loan Management System: confirmed loan book, dues and repayment servicing (B14) |
| Collections | Overdue customer-contact/recovery case work (B16); a promise is not a verified receipt |
| KYC | Know Your Customer: identity/evidence verification and adopted review (B04) |
| KFS/MITC | Key Facts Statement / Most Important Terms and Conditions: applicable approved disclosure packages, depending on product and authority |
| NBFC | Non-Banking Financial Company; the selected entity/category and authorised offerings must be established, not inferred from the name |
| FD/RD | Fixed Deposit / Recurring Deposit: agreed placement or periodic-funding deposits with adopted maturity terms (B09) |
| CMS | Card Management System: card credential/programme/lifecycle management (B17); funding and billing are separate responsibilities |
| CBS | Core Banking System: the selected authoritative account/book/servicing boundary; ownership is a pending architecture decision |
| ALM | Asset Liability Management: analysis of institution cash-flow/maturity positions using defined sources/assumptions (B25) |
| POS/online/ATM | Point of Sale, online commerce and Automated Teller Machine: different use channels under adopted card controls |
| UI/API | User Interface / Application Programming Interface: a person’s screen versus a client/service contract |
| UAT | User Acceptance Testing: institution users verify agreed journeys and evidence before release |
| DPD | Days past due according to the adopted authoritative schedule/policy |
| Maker/checker | Independently authorised initiation and approval duties |
| Authorisation | An eligibility/funds/credit decision for a transaction; may create a reservation, not final settlement |
| Clearing/presentment | Exchange/matching of a transaction’s financial obligation and details after or independently of an authorisation, under contracted rules |
| Settlement | The evidenced exchange of funds for the resulting obligations |
| Reconciliation | Evidence that books, instructions, provider outcomes and funds agree with complete sources |
| Business date | Institution operating date used by financial work; can differ from the clock date |
| EOD/BOD | End of Day / Beginning of Day: controlled dated processing and close/open cycles (B31) |
| Idempotency | Repeating one original command does not create another economic effect |
| Unknown outcome | The result is unconfirmed; query/reconcile the original reference before any new instruction |
| Reversal/adjustment | Linked corrective financial entry; never deletion of original financial history |
| RPO/RTO | Bank-approved acceptable recovery data-loss window and service-restoration objective |
| HSM/PIN boundary | Hardware Security Module / Personal Identification Number: adopted secure cryptographic/device handling of sensitive authentication material |
| Commissioned | Identity, policy, interface, security and operational prerequisites accepted for the intended environment |
| Proposed/built/accepted/released | Different statuses; a described feature or passing local test is not bank deployment acceptance |
Journeys, decisions and release
Banking glossary
Shared terms for reviewing books, programmes, cards, lending and operating outcomes.
Read Start here for the layers and module ownership for their differences. These definitions explain the proposed software; exact institution policy still needs approval.
Use the decision register to settle institution-specific meanings before implementation.